DNA is composed of linear sequences of nucleotide bases. Each nucleotide base is composed of a nitrogen base, a five carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. The nucleotide bases in DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
A gene is a specific sequence of nucleotides of DNA. Each gene codes for the production of a particular protein. The DNA gene code is turned into a protein through the cellular processes of transcription and translation. Proteins are composed of amino acids. Each amino acid corresponds to a three nucleotide code in the DNA. Proteins can be structural or regulatory. Structural proteins provide the building blocks of organisms. Regulatory proteins are involved in gene control and cell division.
Therefore, genes are not located on proteins - genes provide the blueprint for the construction of proteins.
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