Notes

William Shakespeare is widely regarded to be one of the best authors of English literature in history. His works have been translated into numerous languages and his plays are still being performed on stages today. The study of Shakespeare's work is relevant in today's society not only for its influence on modern language, theatre, and literature, but also because his plays contained themes which still ring true today. Shakespeare is credited with introducing more than 1,700  words to the English language, many of which are creative uses of previously established verbs or nouns. In doing so, he is perhaps the most influential single individual when it comes to English vocabulary. In addition, the body of work he created has influenced countless later plays, films, and novels. Famous musicals like  West Side Story  and   films like  The Lion King  are adaptations of Shakespeare's plays. To study Shakespeare is to study the direction and development of the English language fr...

A paradox can be a situation or a statement that seems contradictory but is nevertheless true or real.  One example of a paradoxical statement occurs when Lady Macbeth, alone on stage, says to herself, "'Tis safer to be that which we destroy / Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy" (3.2.8-9).  How can it be "safer" to be "destroy[ed]"?  This is the contradiction that creates the paradox.  What she means is that it would be better to be the dead victim than to be the murderer and live in anxiety, unable to be happy.  She and Macbeth have achieved what they set out to when they murdered Duncan: they are now king and queen of Scotland.  However, they are not happy, and Lady Macbeth sounds as though she is beginning to regret their crime because she cannot be content feeling all this anxiety and guilt.   Macbeth shares a similar sentiment when he says, "Better be with the dead, / Whom we, to gain our peace, have sent to peace, / Than on the tortur...

Before Santiago travels to Africa to start his journey, he receives guidance from the king of Salem. Discussions about achieving one's Personal Legend encourage and inspire both the boy and the reader for the upcoming search for the treasure. Melchizedek also gives him the Urim and Thummim to help him if the boy ever feels stuck and can't read the omens. Everything seems perfectly in place for the boy to succeed. However, when he gets to Africa, to the port of Tangier, he falls victim to a thief's trickery and is robbed. The unforeseeable becomes the inevitable in hindsight. The realization that achieving one's Personal Legend won't be easy or simple comes to light, which forces Santiago to decide whether he will continue on his journey despite his humiliating loss, or go home. Looking back to one of the last pieces of advice the king of Salem gave him foreshadows the fact that misfortune would also accompany the boy on his travels: "Don't forget that every...

Mr. Otis is not very worried about the ghost, though he does come to believe it exists. At first, in practical American fashion, he pooh-poohs the idea that ghosts could be real. After he realizes the ghost is real, his chief worry is about how to remove the blood stain that it leaves on the library floor. Despite the family's repeated applications of Paragon detergent to scrub it out, the stain keeps reappearing. Another worry Mr. Otis has is that the ghost's  chains make so much noise. For that reason, Mr. Otis gives the ghost a bottle of Tammany Rising Sun Lubricator. Mr. Otis, along with the rest of the Otis family, creates a problem for the ghost: Mr. Otis is not afraid of him at all and focuses on scrubbing out his stains and asking him to oil his chains rather than reacting to him with fear.  

The story begins in the present, with Mama Johnson narrating events as they occur.  In the beginning of the story, she reflects on Dee's childhood: what she was like, what Mama tried to do for her by raising the money to send her away to school, and so forth.  But when Dee arrives, the story seems to proceed almost in real time, as the family greets one another, discusses Dee's new name, eats a meal together, and finally ends up in the bedroom with the quilts. In this sense, then, Walker uses time as an ordering device because she presents us with the past, the background information we need to really understand this family's dynamic and their potential dysfunctions, via Mama's memories, and then she proceeds with the present, presenting conversations and actions in chronological order.

The answer to this question depends on your subjective opinion. However, in an ideal world, it's safe to say that most members of the public would like their leaders to communicate with honesty and integrity by relaying important information in the way best-suited to serve the needs of the masses. Let's put this idea in the context of Shakespeare's  Julius Caesar . Brutus, the most noble character in the play, always tries to work toward the greater good, and so he accordingly communicates honestly with the masses of Rome. Antony, on the other hand, uses crafty and deceitful rhetoric to gain the support of the public and advance his own political schemes. In short, Antony will say anything to the public that he believes will bring him power. However, at the end of the play, Antony is living and powerful, while Brutus has perished. As such, though we'd all like our leaders to communicate to the public honestly, Shakespeare suggests that many leaders will communicate dish...

In Pirandello's "War," the different attitudes that the passengers articulate about war reflect the challenge of enduring it. When the man and wife enter the train, they sit amongst the other passengers. The wife does not want to interact with anyone. As a result, the husband feels it is his responsibility to explain to the other passengers the source of her dejection. The other passengers do not express solidarity or support. One passenger talks about his son, who has been on the front since "the first day of the war." His view towards war is that it creates an unending sense of loss in the people who must see their loved ones sacrifice for it. This prevents him from fully identifying with the couple's predicament. When the fat traveller enters the train, he speaks of another view towards war. He talks about how "good boys" willingly sacrifice for their country.  The fat man talks about how love of parents is secondary when a country calls for a y...

The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is the part of Earth where we and all the other life forms live. Continents and ocean floor all are part of the crust. The other two layers of Earth include the mantle and core. The crust is made up of a number of elements. Among the various elements known to us, Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It contributes to about 46.6% of the weight of the crust. The next most abundant element is silicon, which contributes to about 27.7% of the weight of the crust.  Given the high abundance of oxygen and silicon in Earth's crust, a significant fraction of the minerals are silicates. Other abundant elements include aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, etc. Hope this helps. 

Both of these poems are written in the first person in a woman's voice. In both poems the women cry; they appear to be lonely and thus evoke sympathy; they are stuck doing something meaningless that they don't enjoy; and they mock the male of the human species. Despite these surface similarities between the two speakers, they really are quite different from each other. The speaker in "Siren Song" is a siren, one of the winged companions of Persephone who lured male sailors to crash on the rocks because of their sad but beautiful song. In this poem, the mythic creature cries and complains, saying she doesn't like sitting "with these two feathery maniacs" and singing the fatal song. However, her complaint turns out to be a ruse. She is playing a damsel in distress in order to tempt a gallant sailor into her snare. In fact, we must infer that she is truly happy and likes what she is doing; she only pretends to be unhappy with her state. In the end, she is d...

"Salvation" by Langston Hughes is actually an excerpt from his autobiography, The Big Sea . It describes a religious service within an African American charismatic Christian tradition, in which being "born again" is considered necessary for salvation.  The introduction to your paper should summarize the main point of your paper, which should be Hughes' appropriation of Christian symbolism. The final few sentences of your introduction should be transition sentences pointing forward to what you will cover in the body paragraphs of your paper. The first body section of your paper should give some historical and theological background to the tradition of tent revivals. It should discuss what would be implied by "being saved" in such a context, and especially the emphasis on personal visionary experience and deep emotional connection to Jesus. Next, you might discuss color symbolism. The participants in the revival, and Hughes himself, are black; Hughes use...

The best place to look for the description of the first week of August is in the first paragraph of the prologue. The words that Babbitt uses in that paragraph are all words that help the reader envision the season and feel hot, humid, sticky, and gross. I do not enjoy heat and humidity, so that paragraph is an awful read for me. It just makes me feel gross. Not only that, but Babbitt writes the paragraph in a way that makes it seem like the heat will last entirely too long. For example, in the first two sentences the following words are used: "hang," "long," "motionless," and "pauses." Nothing about those words suggests relief from the heat. As for words that describe the actual heat, here are a few of them: "hot," "balmy," "breathless," "glaring," and "smeared." It's so hot that it takes your breath away. "Balmy" and "smeared" make me think of moisture and humidity. Every...

We are asked to graph the function `y=(8x+3)/(2x-6) ` : There is a vertical asymptote at x=3. Since the degrees of the numerator and denominator agree, the horizontal asymptote is y=4. The y-intercept is -1/2. The x-intercept is -3/8. The graph is a hyperbola. Using long division we can rewrite as `y=27/(2(x-3))+4 ` . Using y=1/x as the base function, the graph we want is a transformation of the graph of the base function: horizontal translation 3 units right, vertical translation 4 units up, and a vertical dilation of factor 27/2. The graph:

Nationalism, sometimes also referred to as "patriotism," is the ideology that a person's primary dedication should be to their nation. A nationalist (should) consider the values and goals of their nation as more important than their own personal interests or loyalty to some other group. In cultural expression, nationalism is portrayed through idealizations of what a particular nation is. For example, the song "America the Beautiful"  conjures up images of great expanses of bucolic farmland and untamed wilderness as metaphors for freedom and prosperity. Nationalist art may involve personified forms of particular values or the nation itself. The figure of Marianne has commonly been used in French nationalist art as a personification of liberty and the French spirit. In fact, she is often depicted leading the people during the French Revolution as a sort of mother-goddess figure.  Nationalism has been the inspiration or direct result of a number of revolutions, inc...

Egeus is Hermia’s father.  He wants her to marry Demetrius, but she is more interested in Lysander.  Egeus brings Hermia before Theseus, who rules that she has to do what her father wants, under Athenian law. THESEUS What say you, Hermia? be advised fair maid: To you your father should be as a god; One that composed your beauties, yea, and one To whom you are but as a form in wax By him imprinted and within his power To leave the figure or disfigure it. Demetrius is a worthy gentleman. (Act 1, Scene 1)  Hermia’s reaction to this is that Lysander is also a worthy gentleman.  Hermia’s role in the play is as a sort of protagonist, making Egeus a kind of antagonist.  If Hermia had not refused to marry Demetrius and run off with Lysander, the four young people would never have been in the woods for all of the mischief that ensues.  Ultimately, Hermia is able to wed her choice when Theseus overrules Egeus.  Helena is another antagonist for Hermia, because she wants to marry Demetrius.  Norma...

William Golding provides a detailed description of the meeting place in chapter one. The purpose is to convey to the reader its significance in the scheme of things. It will acquire a profound status because it is the place where the most important decisions will be made. It is central to the development of the plot and has to, both literally and figuratively, be dominant, admired and respected. In a physical sense, it should also be easily identifiable so that the boys would know exactly where it is. In addition, by closely describing what it looks like, Golding deliberately gives the meeting place an almost iconic status. The fact that its location abruptly interrupts the beach with its 'square motif' creates a clear demarcation from the pleasure of being on the beach to the rigidity and formality associated with that of a meeting place. The fact that it is square alludes to the school quad in which schoolchildren are brought together for meetings. This, in itself, makes it a...

The Prince of Morocco is a proud, valiant man. However, because he is foreign and has very dark skin, he displays some anxiety about Portia's acceptance of him. The Prince's focus upon his dark skin and Portia's impression of his physical appearance indicates that he values the superficial. As proof that he is a true prince, he offers to cut his flesh and show her that his blood is redder than any man who is fairer than he. He says he would change nothing about himself but to change her opinion of him:               ...I would not change this hue, Except to steal your thoughts, my gentle queen. (2.1.11-12) He also believes that he deserves Portia: I do in birth deserve her, and in fortunes, In graces, and in qualities of breeding. But more than these, in love I do deserve. (2.7.34-36) Then, too, he may possess a secret fear that Portia does not desire him. Also, this focus upon the superficial extends itself to his choice of the caskets as he misjudges which one is the corr...

Both hawks are killed by Granddaddy Cain in Toni Cade Bambara's short story "Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird." The first is hunted by Granddaddy for dinner, whereas the second is killed to keep it from attacking. The first hawk, the female hawk, is brought home for dinner by Granddaddy, who came home from the woods with the "chicken hawk slung over his shoulder," having just hunted it. The hawk is still partially alive and dripping blood. Meanwhile, the two men still stood in Granny's flowerbed, and Granny asks Granddaddy to drive them away. Granddaddy doesn't have to, though, because the mate of the hunted chicken hawk swoops in and tries to attack anyone in sight as revenge for the death of his mate: And then this awful thing—a giant hawk—come wailin up over the meadow, flyin low and tilted and screamin, zigzaggin through the pecan grove, breakin branches and hollerin, snappin past the clotheslines, flyin every which way, flyin into things reckless and...

The first step is to figure out exactly where the discrimination is occurring. Simply observing differences in outcomes doesn't tell us where the discrimination is happening---in some cases it's not even happening at the institutions we are looking at, but in society as a whole. More often, there are several layers of discrimination people are subjected to from multiple sources. For example, only a small portion of the wage gap between men and women is explained by active discrimination in hiring practices; the majority is due to differences in societal gender roles that drive men and women into different professions and result in higher pay in male-dominated professions. Active discrimination creates a gap of about 4%, but gender roles and other factors make the total gap closer to 30%. With this in mind, we would first need to make sure that our police officers actually are discriminating against racial minorities, and not simply responding to inequities created by society at...

In Chapter 1, Moishe the Beadle is expelled from the village of Sighet and crammed into a cattle car by the Hungarian police because he is a foreigner. After a few months had gone by, Moishe the Beadle returns to Sighet and explains to the villagers how he barely survived a massacre. He begins by telling the villagers that the Gestapo had driven the foreign Jews to a forest and ordered them to dig huge trenches. He then says that the Gestapo took aim and shot every Jew. Moishe mentions that the Gestapo were throwing infants in the air and shooting at them like targets. Moishe explains to Eliezer that he wanted to warn the Jews in Sighet about the horrors he had witnessed so that they could prepare to leave. However, Moishe weeps because nobody will listen to him. They think that he is lying and call him mad.

As with many of Hemingway's stories, critics tend to disagree over its meaning. Carlos Baker, Hemingway's first and most comprehensive biographer, suggests the story, like other Hemingway stories involving the relationships between men and women, is about a wife who longs for a more domestic lifestyle and that the cat in the story is a symbol of what the wife wants from her marriage. Her husband doesn't seem willing to provide those things. Even though he offers to go down and get the cat, the reader must assume that it's only a half-hearted overture and that he is preoccupied with relaxing on the bed and reading. Similarly, John V. Hagopian theorizes that what the wife really wants is to be a mother and that the cat is a symbol of the child she longs to have. She very much wants to hold the cat in her lap and stroke it. Moreover, the rain which hampers the cat is a symbol of fertility. Hagopian points out the inclusion of the man wearing a "rubber cape." The ...

In this chapter, the narrator refers to Hester as "the people's victim and life-long bond-slave."  This is a metaphor that describes the way Hester feels and has felt for quite a long time; she very much feels victimized by their treatment of her.  Further, Hester's many years spent lonely and victimized lead the narrator to compare those painful years to a "draught of [...] wormwood and aloes," another metaphor to describe the bitterness of Hester's punishment and life since her sin was found out. Pearl's bright and colorful garments are also compared via metaphor to a "butterfly's wing" or a "bright flower," further strengthening her association with nature.  While Hester's brow is compared to "marble" (another metaphor ), Pearl is matched, via simile , with a "bird."   Pearl also uses personification to describe the "old trees" in the forest, trees which she says "can hear," a...

The elements that have similar electronic configurations generally have similar properties. An easy way to solve this question is to determine which elements have similar electronic configurations, something which can be done with the help of a periodic table. In the periodic table of the elements, all the elements that have similar electronic configurations are placed in the same column, known as a group. Thus, all the members of a group have similar properties. Among the given options, choice A and B refer to elements in the same period of the periodic table, while choice D refers to elements placed diagonally. Only choice C refers to elements in the same group. Lithium (Li), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are part of group I of the periodic table and are known as alkali metals and have similar properties. Thus, choice C is correct. Hope this helps.

Jonathan Edwards was a theologian in mid- to late-18th century in New England. In 1741, he preached "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" (the published pamphlet of the sermon described this as his sermon on "The Danger of the Unconverted"). This period in colonial American history would come to be known as the Great Awakening—a spirit of religious revivalism in the face of both the Church of England and Puritanism. Edwards' message can be read in several ways. First, one can read quite clearly the theology in which he was steeped, and which he emphasized in his sermon. He asserts that Hell is quite real, a place of eternal torment for the wicked (people who do not wholeheartedly seek God through the mediation of Christ). The theology describes how the wicked taste Hell even in this life, and could be taken at any time to Hell. "'Tis only the Power and meer [sic] Pleasure of God that holds you up." Nothing can be done by man to avert the fiery fat...

Apps or applications are software programs that have been developed to carry out specific operations. Here are some examples of commonly used apps on a day to day basis by many people: Word: A common word processing application and is part of the Microsoft Office suite of applications. It is commonly used to prepare word or text documents, such as letters, documents, reports, etc. Excel: A common spreadsheet utility used for processing and analyzing data. A large number of operations can be carried out by Excel (and other spreadsheet programs) such as calculations, graphs, and tables, among others. This is also part of Microsoft Office. Adobe Acrobat: A document processing suit used for pdf (portable document format) documents. Such format is commonly used for reports, theses, etc.; basically in any situation where we do not want the formatting of the original document to change. Some other commonly used apps include music apps (playing, editing, etc.) and gaming apps. In a call center...

That's a good question! He probably didn't have any friends in Houston, and here's why I think so. The novel begins as Paul and his family are moving from Texas to Florida, and you'd think that a kid like Paul would think often of his own friends back in Texas while he was packing, moving, and making new friends. But he doesn't mention them, and he doesn't call or email any Houston friends after he moves. We do know that Paul was on a soccer team back in Texas, so he had that opportunity to make friends, but we also know that his older brother stuck him with the nickname "Eclipse Boy" ever since Paul entered kindergarten--and we assume that Paul probably had trouble shrugging off that identity and making friends. But there's no mention of Paul's own Houston friends or the lack thereof throughout the novel, as far as I can tell. We get a hint on page 109 about Paul's lack of friends back in Houston when Paul hints that, even on his Houston ...

A power series centered at `c=0` is follows the formula: `sum_(n=0)^oo a_nx^n = a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+a_3x^3+...` The given function `f(x)= 2/(1-x^2)` centered at `c=0` resembles the power series: `(1+x)^k = sum_(n=0)^oo (k(k-1)(k-2)...(k-n+1))/(n!) x ^n` or `(1+x)^k = 1+kx +(k(k-1))/(2!)x^2+(k(k-1)(k-2))/(3!)x^3+(k(k-1)(k-2)(k-3))/(4!)x^4+...` Apply Law of exponents: `1/x^n = x^(-n)` , we get: `f(x)= 2(1-x^2) ^(-1)` Apply the aforementioned formula for power series on ` (1-x^2) ^(-1) or (1+(-x^2)) ^(-1)` , we may replace "`x` " with "`-x^2` " and "`k` " with "`-1` ". We let: `(1+(-x^2))^(-1) = sum_(n=0)^oo (-1(-1-1)(-1-2)...(-1-n+1))/(n!) (-x^2) ^n` `=sum_(n=0)^oo (-1(-2)(-3)...(-1-n+1))/(n!)(-1)^nx ^(2n)` `=1+(-1)(-1)^1x ^(2*1) +(-1(-2))/(2!)(-1)^2x ^(2*2)+(-1(-2)(-3))/(3!)(-1)^3x ^(2*3)+(-1(-2)(-3)(-4)/(4!)(-1)^4x ^(2*4)+...` `=1+(-1)*(-1)x^2 +2/2*1*x ^4 +(-6)/6*(-1)*x^6+24/24*1*x^8+...` `=1+1x^2 +2/2x ^4 +6/6x^6+24/24x^8+...` `=1+x^2 +x ^4 +x^6+x^8...

The first reaction `Cu(s) + 4HNO_3 (aq) -> Cu(NO_3)_2 (aq) + NO_2 (g) + H_2O(l)` is an oxidation-reduction reaction. The oxidation state of copper is 0 on the reactant side and +2 on the product side. The loss of 2 electrons indicates that copper has been oxidized. Similarly, nitrogen has an oxidation state of +5 on the reactant side and +4 on the product side (in NO2 gas). The gain of an electron indicates that it has been reduced.  The second reaction `Cu(NO_3)_2 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) -> Cu(OH)_2 (s) + 2NaNO_3 (aq)` is a double displacement reaction, since the reacting species exchange their cations and anions. On the reactant side, copper is bonded with nitrate ionz and sodium is bonded with a hydroxide ion. However, on the product side, copper is bonded with hydroxide ions and sodium is bonded with a nitrate ion. Thus, a double displacement has taken place. Hope this helps. 

For the given equation `2^(0.1x)-5=12` , we may simplify by combining like terms. Add `5` on both sides of the equation. `2^(0.1x)-5+5=12+5` `2^(0.1x)=17` Take the "`ln` " on both sides to be able to bring down the exponent value. Apply the natural logarithm property: `ln(x^n)= n*ln(x)` . `ln(2^(0.1x))=ln(17)` `0.1xln(2)=ln(17)` `(xln(2))/10=ln(17)` Multiply both sides by `10` . `(xln(2))/10*10=ln(17)*10` `xln(2)=10ln(17)` To isolate `x` , divide both sides by `ln(2)` . `(xln(2))/(ln(2))=(10ln(17))/(ln(2))` `x=(10ln(17))/(ln(2)) or40.87 ` (approximated value) Checking: Plug-in `x=40.87`  on `2^(0.1x)-5=12` . `2^(0.1*40.87)-5=?12` `2^(4.087)-5=?12` `17-5=?12` `12=12 `   TRUE Note: `2^(4.087)=16.99454698~~17`. Therefore, there is no extraneous solution. The `x=(10ln(17))/(ln(2))`    is the real exact solution of the given equation `2^(0.1x)-5=12` .

In Aristotle’s On the Art of Poetry, he referred to the “three unities” in drama: unity of place, unity of action, and unity of time. He said the plot should occur in a single place, the action should center around a unifying theme, and the story should take place in a single day. Shakespeare is faithful to all of these in The Tempest . The play takes place on the island, centers around Prospero’s desire for revenge and his eventual forgiveness, and takes place over the span of about four hours. At the end of the play, when Ferdinand and Alonso are reunited, Alonso says, “What is this maid with whom thou wast at play?/ Your eld'st acquaintance cannot be three hours” (Act V, Scene 1). Time is important to the play in several ways. First, although the play takes place in the span of four hours, the audience must understand Prospero’s motivation for revenge, which is why he gives a lengthy explanation of the past in the beginning of the play. When Miranda tells him he has often begun...

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No side was really solely responsible for ending Reconstruction in the United States, but it was certainly the case that Southern Democrats, known as "Redeemers," had pushed for an end to Congressional Reconstruction for some time when it was finally brought to a close (by getting rid of the few remaining federal troops and military governors in the South) in 1877. This process had really begun in the early 1870s, as some states had already been returned to the control of the Democratic Party. This occurred because powerful politicians were able to forge alliances between poor whites and some business leaders, and it always had the support of secret organizations like "rifle clubs" and the infamous Ku Klux Klan, who aided in suppressing black voters. By 1877, when a political compromise ended Reconstruction in exchange for effective Southern acquiescence in the election of Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes, these "redeemers" were already in control ...

Gravity is essential to a stream's ability to erode and deposit materials. In fact, you can start by saying quite literally that streams would not exist without gravity. Gravity is the reason water falls from the sky, and, once it has fallen, gravity pulls water to the lowest elevation. Gravity creates streams. Gravity is the reason water continues to flow into streams, and the reason water flows along streams to rivers and lakes. Since it the motion of water along, over, and through things that causes them to erode, gravity is the force driving erosion. Gravity is erosion's engine. The process of depositing materials is known as sedimentation. Gravity is one of the forces shaping sedimentation. Other factors also apply, like the viscosity of the liquid in which particles are suspended. In general, water's buoyancy pushes the particles up, in suspension, and gravity pulls them down, so they are deposited.

In Chapter 4, the children play "One Man's Family," which is a "melancholy drama" that depicts what goes on in the Radley home according to the children's imaginations. Jem, of course, plays the main character, Boo Radley. Dill plays a variety of characters and is the best actor of the bunch. Scout has only minor roles throughout the drama and plays the assorted ladies that enter the script. Jem's leadership qualities are depicted when he chooses to play the main role of Boo. Jem likes to be the center of attention and make most of the decisions, which is why he plays the leading role. Dill is the most talented child in the group which is evident by the fact that he plays several roles throughout the drama. Scout is marginalized because she is a female. She looks up to Jem and is eager to be a part of any activity the boys engage in, which is why she reluctantly participates . There are a couple of reasons as to why Scout is reluctant to join in "O...

An image is the representation of sensory information in words.  Thus, visual imagery would describe something we could see, olfactory imagery describes something we could smell, auditory imagery describes something we might hear, gustatory imagery describes something we could taste, and tactile imagery describes something we might touch.  One particularly striking image in this poem is the "blue spurt of a lighted match" referenced in line 10.  The reason this image is so striking is that it actually combines two kinds of sensory information: the visual and the auditory.  Imagery that combines two or more senses is called synesthesia.  We can imagine the sight of the "blue" color that leaps from the tip of the match when struck as well as the sound of the "spurt" the lit match makes.  In addition, "spurt" is a word that is usually associated with liquid: water spurts from a fountain, liquid spurts from someone's mouth when they laugh after t...

Danforth checks Proctor's story about Abigail—that she has only accused his wife, Elizabeth, because she wishes to remove Elizabeth from the picture by having her hanged for witchcraft—by asking that Elizabeth be brought in to confirm that she really did learn of an affair between Abigail and John and dismiss Abigail for this reason. In order to compel Danforth to believe what he says about Abigail, John has confessed to the magistrate that he and Abigail had a sexual relationship and that this is the reason Abigail wants his wife convicted. Danforth asks for Elizabeth to account for her dismissal of Abigail without being able to consult her husband before she answers his questions; wanting to protect John's reputation, she lies— something John has sworn she will never do—and claims only that Abigail displeased her and this was the only reason for her dismissal.

Given to solve, `lim_(x->0)arctanx/sinx` as `x->0 ` on substituting we get `arctanx/sinx = 0/0 ` so by using the L'hopital rule we get the solution as follows, as for the general equation it is as follows `lim_(x->a) f(x)/g(x) is = 0/0` or `(+-oo)/(+-oo)` then by using the L'Hopital Rule we get  the solution with the  below form. `lim_(x->a) (f'(x))/(g'(x))` so , now evaluating `lim_(x->0)arctanx/sinx` =`lim_(x->0)((arctanx)')/((sinx)')` = `lim_(x->0)(1/(x^2 +1))/(cosx)` so now on applying `x->0 ` ie `x=0` =`(1/(0^2 +1))/(cos0)` =`1`

"I think I'm beginning to understand why Boo Radley stayed shut up in the house all this time . . . it is because he  wants  to stay inside" (227). Jem says the above quote to his sister Scout in Chapter 23 of  To Kill a Mockingbird . He has witnessed the worst case of racism and prejudice in his whole life and he has been trying to come to grips with it. Jem watched the Tom Robinson trial with faith in the judicial system and in the facts of the case. Everything pointed to Tom's innocence, yet he was still convicted. Jem can't understand it at first, but after lengthy discussions with Miss Maudie and his father, he realizes that hundreds of years of prejudice, racism, and tradition were bigger than one attorney with truth on his side could fight. As a result, Jem is disillusioned and disappointed by the sad reality that people can be mean and ugly to each other. In fact, before Jem says the above-mentioned quote, he describes this disillusionment to his sister as...

`int t^3 sqrt(t^4 +1) dt` To solve, apply u-substitution method. `u=t^4 + 1` `du = 4t^3dt` `(du)/4=t^3dt` Expressing the integral in terms  of u, it becomes: `= int sqrt(t^4+1)*t^3dt` `= int sqrtu * (du)/4` `=1/4int sqrtu du` Then, express the radical in exponent form. `= 1/4 int u^(1/2)du` To take the integral of this, apply the formula `int x^ndx = x^(n+1)/(n+1)+C`. `=1/4*u^(3/2)/(3/2) + C` `=1/4*u^(3/2)*2/3+C` `=1/6u^(3/2)+C` And, substitute back `u = t^4+1` . `=1/6(t^4+1)^(3/2) + C` Therefore, `int t^3sqrt(t^4+1)dt=1/6(t^4+1)^(3/2) + C` .

Our food must be chemically broken down or hydrolyzed in order for its components to be transported via the circulatory system and brought to the cells where they are needed. When food is digested, it is broken down into end-products--these are the nutrients the cell needs for synthesis, growth, repair and energy. The process of hydrolysis involves the addition of water molecules which break the chemical bonds in polymer reactants and forms smaller end--products that the cells of the body can use. Enzymes are organic catalysts that speed along the process of hydrolysis (digestion). Carbohydrates include foods that contain starch or sugar and are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides (simple sugars). The monosaccharide glucose is an important source of chemical energy cells use during respiration to produce ATP--the cell's energy currency. Lipids are hydrolyzed into their components--fatty acids and glycerol. These are an energy reserve or are used for synthesis of other body structures....

The Space Race was significant for many countries both in the short term and in the long term. In the short term, the Space Race was very significant for both the United States and the Soviet Union.  For the Soviet Union, the early part of the Space Race was a source of pride.  They were able, as the supposedly more backward country, to keep up with and even defeat the United States in the race to put something in orbit.  Conversely, for the United States, it was a cause for fear and anxiety.  It made Americans fear that they were falling behind the Soviets.  This spurred, among other things, a boom in funding for science education and a concerted effort to compete more vigorously in the Space Race.  Later, the Space Race became a source of pride for the US as the country won the race to put men on the moon. In the long term, the Space Race has been significant for the entire world.  It led to the creation of huge missiles that can deliver nuclear weapons around the world.  This has ma...

The darker side of the Enlightenment time period can be seen in how its ideas were used to justify enslavement practices.   One idea that showed the darker side to the Enlightenment was its belief in the authenticity of universal truth.  The Enlightenment period saw truth as a universal concept.  It was applicable to anyone and everyone.  Enlightenment thinkers advanced certainty and absolutism as universal notions of the good life.   Once someone understood what they perceived to be true, they had an obligation to spread it everywhere because it was "enlightening." For some, this became a justification behind slavery.   Some individuals were convinced that they were freeing indigenous people from abhorrent conditions.  People justified it as a way to remove indigenous people from "unenlightened" reality.  For example, in "A Defense of Slavery," published in  London Magazine in 1740, the argument was laid out that "The Inhabitants of Guinea are indee...

A positive mind, as long as it is a mind that is not in denial, is more likely to engage in some of the following: to attempt various enterprises more eagerly in life; to approach people more openly; to be more confident in one's own success; to be less likely to ruminate on various things that might go wrong in life; to perceive the world as a safe place; to spend little time second-guessing one's decisions or one's past; and, if science is correct, live a longer, healthier life, free of much of the stress and physical and mental pathologies that might afflict a less positive mind. If, however, one adopts what is termed a "false positive" mind, one may be ignoring reality, while erecting what psychologists term "a false self." The reasons behind this may vary; one explanation is that a person may be attempting to hide inner turmoil or pain, or may lack healthy coping strategies to deal with difficulties in life, and thus may adopt an inappropriately pos...

The Canterville ghost devises an elaborate scheme for frightening the Otises on his third attempt. He especially wants to teach the twins a lesson and decides he will sit on their chests, stand between their beds in the form of an icy green corpse, then crawl around the room as as a skeleton with one rolling eyeball. He is en route to enact his plan, which also involves scaring the senior Otises and Washington, the son who keeps scrubbing out his bloodstain, when he is met in the corridor by a ghost. He is so frightened he runs away. At the crack of dawn he returns, hoping perhaps to join forces against the Otises with this ghost. When he seizes its arms and its head falls off, he discovers the ghost is fake, made of a bed-curtain, sweeping brush, cleaver and turnip. It is at this moment, at dawn, that he realizes the twins have tricked and outwitted him. 

In the book Summer of My German Soldier , the main character Patty is sent to The Jasper E. Conrad Arkansas Reformatory for Girls. Mavis McCall is Patty's roommate there. Patty describes Mavis as having "Raggedy Ann eyes" (Chapter 20). Mavis McCall sometimes gets on Patty's nerves in the room they share together. Mavis calls Patty "Natz," which she does not like. She expresses this to Mavis, but her roommate notes that at least she does not call Patty "Nazi" or "spy" like the others at the school do. Mavis has a large appetite, which Patty discovers at mealtime. At breakfast, Mavis eats every crumb of her food. After Mavis finishes her slice of bread, Patty offers to share her own plate of food. Mavis eats Patty's grits and eggs. By contrast, Patty eats very little food.

Hydration plays a big part in the viscosity of blood. While such fluctuations may not be visible to the naked eye, even when blood is looked at or touched outside of the body, hemoconcentration analysis can reveal significant changes in blood viscosity. When a person is dehydrated, the viscosity of the blood increases because there is less water in the composition. Just the same, when a person is well hydrated, their blood viscosity decreases.  "Density" would be another way to describe the concentration of non-liquid components of blood like platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. In a person who is dehydrated, the lack of water results in increased hemoconcentration and viscosity.  People who are at risk of diabetes, stroke, or heart disease can benefit from increasing their intake of water.  Not everyone has the same requirements for staying hydrated, but a good rule of thumb is to try to drink 64oz per day, plus an extra 8oz for every caffeinated beverage drank...

This issue comes up in the 19th chapter, titled “In Which I Have a Good Look at Winter and Find Spring in the Snow.” Sam Gribley has been living on his own in the Catskill mountains since May. Near the end of the following January, Sam feels tired. He decides that his current diet must be missing some essential vitamin, but he doesn’t know which one it is. He gets a nosebleed, too. When his falcon Frightful catches a rabbit for him, Sam finds himself craving the liver. He learns later that liver is rich in vitamin C. As long as he eats liver on a regular basis in these winter months, he has no more problems. But he can’t wait for spring to come, when fresh greens will be available again.

Unlike his contemporary, Wildred Owen, Brooke paints an idealistic picture of war in this poem. Brooke does not go into the horror or devastation of war. Rather, he celebrates the gesture of making the sacrifice for his country. He expresses the idea that it is honorable to die for one's country, particularly England. In the first stanza, Brooke says that "if" he should die in a foreign land, then that land (place of his death and/ or burial) will be "for ever England." England made him who he is. He and his native England are materially and spiritually linked. Wherever he happens to end up, that land will have this inherent connection to his sacrifice and his idealized vision of England. Brooke clearly shows his patriotism in this poem. He was prepared to die for England in this war, and he did die in 1915. He believed if he should die, his spirit would give back what England gave him. These are the thoughts, sights, sounds, and dreams that Brooke attributes to...

The first threatening thing that happened in Chapter 27 was that Bob Ewell got and lost a job with the WPA, or Works Progress Administration. He then showed up at the welfare office and accused Atticus of getting his job. The second threatening event was that Judge Taylor was alone in his house reading when he heard a scratching noise coming from the back of his house. He found the screen door open and saw the shadow of the escaping prowler. The third threatening event was that Link Deas gave Helen Robinson, Tom's widow, a job as his cook, and she was harassed by the Ewells on the path to work. Link Deas went by the Ewells house to tell them not to bother Helen, and though they did not appear, he delivered his message anyway. The next day, Helen saw Bob Ewell following her to work and spouting nasty words. Link Deas told Bob Ewell again not bother Helen, and she said Ewell no longer did so. 

Gary Shytengart’s dystopian novel Super Sad True Love Story satirically explores the pitfalls of self-expression in the digital age. In Shytengart’s future, the quest for social media attention and adulation has replaced meaningful face-to-face interactions. In a world based entirely on extrinsic motivators, individuals develop self-images as shallow as the pixels on a computer monitor. Shytengart describes a culture that has turned social interactions into online promotion. Rate Me Plus collars reward those who collect the most digital points, follow the sponsored trends, and preserve a hive mentality. These vapid interactions replace the need to possess self-awareness, creating a worldwide inability to establish meaningful and personal relationships. Socrates believed the ability to look inward thoughtfully made us human. It can be argued that the emphasis on superficial self-images causes Shytengart’s society as a whole to devolve into something less than human. 

Judith Ortiz Cofer's title for her short story "American History" has a double meaning. First, the story is set on November 22, 1963, which is the day that President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. This date is remembered by many people around the world as one of America's tragic days in history. The second meaning behind Cofer's title is symbolic and ironic at the same time. The sad truth is that prejudice, discrimination, and racism are also a part of America's history; and Elena, the protagonist, experiences these vices on the day Kennedy was shot. In the story, while the whole nation mourns the loss of a great leader by listening to or watching the news, Elena goes next door for a study date with her friend Eugene. Unfortunately, Eugene's mother denies Elena access to her home and her son because Elena is a poor Puerto Rican immigrant--not a white girl. The title is symbolic because two historical events happen in the story; one is famous, and one re...

The Second Shepherds’ Play is a mystery play (so called because they dealt with the spiritual mysteries of Christ’s birth and death) and gains its name because in the Wakefield Cycle, of which it is a part, it immediately follows another play about the shepherds. In fact, Robinson (1991) hypothesizes that this play is actually a revision of the first and not a separate play at all. The Second Shepherds’ Play contains two stories: the first is that of the shepherds in the field watching their sheep when they are visited by Mak, a ne'er-do-well and thief who steals a sheep and takes it to his wife Gill. Gill hides the sheep wrapped in a blanket in the cradle in an attempt to fool the shepherds who come looking for it into believing it is her newborn child. Mak and Gill are found out and punished. The second story follows immediately on the heels of the first and is the familiar Biblical story of the angel informing the shepherds of the Christ-child’s birth and their subsequent visit ...

George Orwell’s 1984 begins with poignant imagery. “It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.” Anyone familiar with Britain’s unpredictable weather can relate to the first part of the sentence. In this way, Orwell sets up a familiar world only to have it come crashing down words later. In reality, clocks do not strike thirteen times to announce 1:00PM. By using the number thirteen, Orwell is telling the reader that something is terribly off about the London which Winston Smith inhabits. For British readers who picked up 1984 the year of its publication, 1948, they saw more reflections of their present as Winston enters his shabby apartment building, “The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats.” London, along with all of Britain in 1948, was still recovering from the Second World War. The boiled cabbage alludes to the rationing that lasted for years after the war’s end. As Winston looks out his window, Orwell makes sure to mention other sights...

Naguib Mahfouz's short story "Half a Day" is about a reluctant young man who goes off to his first day of school. The story is a metaphor for life and how short a life can be. No sooner has the boy gotten through his first day of school than he is pictured at the end of the story as an old man who has to be helped across the street. During the course of the story the first person narrator gives hints that this is no normal day and that time is passing. He talks of learning new things, of struggle, and of the entanglements of relationships, some involving love and some hatred. Just before this figurative day of school is over, the narrator seems to acknowledge that a great deal of time is passing and that the world is changing: In addition, the time for changing one's mind was over and gone and there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home. Nothing lay ahead of us but exertion, struggle, and perseverance. Those who were able took advantage of the oppo...

Types of Fossil Fuels Coal Oil Natural Gas Formation of Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels were formed during the Carboniferous Period. The Carboniferous Period occurred between 360 and 286 million years ago. During this time, organisms that died and sank to the bottom of the ocean formed layers of material called  peat . Over time, the peat was converted into sedimentary rock. Eventually the sedimentary rock was compressed so much, that the water in the rock was squeezed out and the remaining substance was converted into coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are examples of non-renewable energy sources. This means that there is a finite supply of these substances. Fossil fuels are also damaging to the environment. Because of this, other clean and renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, and wind are being developed.

Both Robert Frost’s poem “The Road Not Taken” and Blanche Farley’s poem “The Lover Not Taken” deal with themes of choices, decisions, and consequences in ways that are similar yet very different. Blanche Farley wrote her poem years after Robert Frost penned his, and there is a bit of a comical aspect to it. The speaker in Frost’s poem is traveling through a “yellow” wood on a crisp morning when he is faced with the decision of which path to take. The path is a metaphor for life. As readers of the poem know, he chooses the road that he sees as being "less traveled." In his last lines, he states: I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. In Farley’s poem, the female speaker is deciding between remaining loyal to an existing relationship with her male companion, or experimenting with a new “blond” lover. In both cases, the speakers ponder their choices knowing the rest of their lives will be affected. Farley says, For if way led on and Jack Found out...

I'm not entirely sure what this question is asking, so I'm going to treat it as though it's asking about the significance of this quote in the overall story.  In this very strange short story, Ursula K. Le Guin describes what a utopian society would be like. In this quote, Le Guin tells us that this society wouldn't have either clergy or soldiers. Since both religious people and the practice of war can be large sources of conflicts in a society, Le Guin presumably provides this detail to further support the idea that Omelas is perfect and peaceful. The distinction between clergy and religion is an interesting one. Le Guin hints here that religious beliefs themselves aren't what typically cause conflict in today's world and that the people who practice and enforce religion are instead most often the sources of conflict. Thus, in Omelas, while people are free to believe in religion, there are no religious authorities to monitor the people. Le Guin leaves a lot uns...

On the evening before Pentecost, the Jews find out they are all being deported. Things have already not been going well. It happened in stages. First, the Jews were forced into ghettos. These were kind of like walled neighborhoods, but very much like prisons. The outer houses had their windows boarded and no one could leave. Conditions were harsh. Jews had to wear yellow stars marking them. Then, on the night before Pentecost, Stern is called to a special meeting. "What's wrong?" we asked. "I don't know. I have been summoned to a special meeting of the Council. Something must have happened." (Ch. 1) Wiesel’s mother says she has a bad feeling about it. She is right to worry. Stern was a shopkeeper. He and anyone else who used to be important are being called in because something terrible is about to happen. Moishe’s predictions of doom are coming true. The Jews are all being deported now. When Wiesel's father returns, they hope nothing is wrong, but they ...

Art in the poem "Beowulf" is often a means of honoring kings and warriors. Poetry proclaims the bravery and might of leaders. For example, at the beginning of the poem, the poet writes, "the prowess of people-kings of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped, we have heard." In other words, oral stories have been passed down through the years of the feats of the Danes in times gone by.  When Beowulf dies at the end of the poem, his people cover his body armor and bury him with treasures, including rings, that they took from the dragon's cave. They bestow their dead leader's grave with objects of art as a way to honor him, and they also chant "dirges," or songs of mourning (which are forms of oral poetry), as a way to remember him. Art is also a way to build a sense of community. When Hrothgar builds his famous mead hall, Heorot, he uses the hall as a place from which to dispense treasures and art, such as rings. It is also a place where minstrels perfo...

In Theodore Taylor's The Cay , one reason why Timothy feels it is better to go to the island rather than remain on the raft is because he knows that drifting towards the cays is inevitable . With all of the jagged shores of the cays, it's much safer to remain stationary on an island rather than to continue to drift in the tangle of multiple cays. One of the greatest reasons is that Timothy knows it will be far easier to establish shelter and find food on the island than it will be aboard the raft. Most importantly, Timothy has come to realize they have drifted into a spot called Devil's Mouth, surrounded by coral banks, which means not many ships sail that way, decreasing their chances of rescue. Therefore, Timothy knows the surest way for them to be rescued is by building a large signal fire on the island that planes passing overhead can see. Once on land, Timothy rejoices in the soft feel of the sand and says they'll be able to make themselves a very comfortable ...

One of the primary events that occurred that made Nelson Mandela want things to be different was the white only election in 1948, in which the National Party won on the platform of apartheid. Another important moment came in 1950, with the violent government reaction to the joint strike called by the ANC, the Communist Party, and the South African Indian Congress to protest the ban of the Communist Party. By the time of the election, Mandela was already involved with the African National Congress (ANC).  After the election, Mandela (along with other leaders such as Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu) began to lobby the ANC to protest militarily against the multitude of new laws enacted by the Nationalists. In the bloody aftermath of the government crackdown against the so-called May Day strike, Mandela made the decision that freedom could only occur with a broad based alliance against apartheid.  The Africanist wing of the ANC disagreed, but Mandela held his ground and helped form the Cong...

Fra Lippo Lippi was a real-life 15th century painter and Florentine monk. Browning’s poem of the same name, written in blank verse with mostly unrhymed lines, is a dramatic monologue and a colloquial speech rant. Browning throws the reader immediately into the deep end because here we have a monk who is seen in an alley where the prostitutes advertise their wares by leaving open their doors. What?  A monk?  Aren’t they the ones who take a vow of celibacy?  The monk is being interrogated by Medici watchmen, but because his patron lives three streets away, Lippo admonishes them to be careful. Then he reveals himself to be a painter and seeks comradeship with his interrogators to “sit and set things straight”.  And what he sets them straight about is, first, that he’s been shut up painting for three weeks, that he has let his lover, Lisa, go, and that Lippo has devised a ladder to follow women.  He was on his way back when the watchmen stopped him.  Then he tells his life story: his paren...