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What were the long-term effects of the Boxer Rebellion on China?

One important long-term effect of the Boxer Rebellion was that the defeat of the uprising enabled Western powers to maintain a major presence (including a military presence) in China, to the detriment of Chinese sovereignty. Once the Boxers were defeated, the Western powers and Japan extracted reparations payments (which most of them returned) and forced China to accept a limited Western military presence in Beijing, where the uprising really took shape. Beyond this, the rebellion destabilized and discredited the Qing Dynasty, which was humiliated in its aftermath. Following the rebellion, the youthful Qing ruler, Pu Yi, was overthrown in a revolution that established a republic. Several years of civil war were followed by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and later of China proper. So in many ways, the most important long-term effect of the defeat of the Boxers was many years of domestic unrest and turmoil.

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