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What are all the types of tissues present in the human body and what are their functions and the diseases that affect their functions?

There are four main types of tissues present in the human body. They include: epithelial, muscular, nervous, and connective.


Epithelial tissue covers the body surface and is the lining for most internal cavities. This includes your skin and linings of your mouth and nose, for example. The function of epithelial tissue is protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration. Some diseases that affect epithelial tissue include eczema, psoriasis, and asthma. Eczema affects the epithelial cells of the skin by causing inflammation represented by rashes.


Connective tissue is the most abundant of the tissue types. The function of connective tissue is support and protection. Some examples of connective tissues are fat tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood. A disease that affects connective tissue is arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis, for example, is when immune cells attack and inflame the membrane around joints.


Muscle tissue is, as its name suggests, muscles. There are three types of muscle tissue. They include skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntary, and when these muscles contacts, your skeleton moves. The function of skeletal muscle is movement. Cardiac muscle is what your heart is made of. Cardiac muscle is involuntary. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels, such as those of the digestive system. Smooth muscle is involuntary as well. A disease that affects muscle tissue is muscular dystrophy. This disease causes a weakening and loss of muscle mass.


Nervous tissue includes neurons or nerve cells.  These are specialized cells that receive stimuli as well as conduct impulses to and from all parts of the body. Diseases that affect nervous tissue include epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. Epilepsy has abnormal electrical discharges, which cause a person to have seizures. In multiple sclerosis, the protective lining of the nerves is attacked.

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