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How does Bruno's character grow throughout the novel The Boy in the Striped Pajamas?

At the beginning of the novel, Bruno absolutely hates his new home and misses his friends back in Germany. He does his best to obey his father but is very depressed at his current situation. As the novel progresses, Bruno begins to explore his environment, against his father's commands, and interacts with the people living in his home at "Out-With." Bruno has several significant interactions with Pavel and Maria, which develop his perspective and empathy towards individuals. Although Bruno remains naive about their situation, he shares a connection with Pavel and Maria, which allows him to sympathize with them.


Bruno also meets a little boy named Shmuel, who lives on the other side of the fence and develops a close friendship with him. As their friendship grows, so does Bruno's compassion and awareness. Bruno becomes less selfish and begins to bring Shmuel food during their visits. He also notices Shmuel's declining health. At home, Bruno forms negative opinions of Lieutenant Kotler and notices his mother's misery.


Despite his ominous surroundings, Bruno begins to enjoy his life at "Out-With." He relishes his friendship with Shmuel, stops missing his old home in Germany, and even begins to get along with his sister. When Shmuel asks Bruno to help him look for his father, Bruno gladly volunteers. Bruno's willingness to help his friend demonstrates his growth and moral development. Bruno no longer exclusively considers his own feelings but recognizes the importance of helping out a friend. Bruno risks getting into a lot of trouble climbing under the fence but does so anyway to help Shmuel. Bruno's stable friendship, caring attitude, and awareness depict his growth throughout the novel.

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